PMC

Oxalate and pH dependence of OOR activity. A, activity was measured at 25 °C in 50 mm Tris-HCl, pH 7.9, with 10 mm methyl viologen and with varying oxalate concentrations (closed circles) or 1 mm oxalate and varying coenzyme A concentrations (open circles). B, activity was measured at 25 °C in MES (open circles), sodium phosphate (closed circles), borate (open squares), and N-cyclohexyl-3-amino-propanesulfonic acid (closed squares).

Preparation of Methyl N-Phthalimidoyl Oxalate (4) and Cesium Methyl Oxalate 6

Malpighian tubule (MT) images from wild type female fruit flies fed A | oxalate (10 mM) or B | oxalate (10 mM) and 3,4,5-tri-O-galloyl quinic acid methyl ester (TGAME) (50 μM) for 24 h. The arrows indicate CaOx crystals within the lumen of the MT. C | CaOx crystal number, D | total crystal area, and E | average area/crystal per 600 μm of tubule were determined using ImageJ. Values are means ± SE (n = 11 for both oxalate control group and compound 6-treated group). p >0.05.

Malpighian tubule (MT) images from wild type female fruit flies incubated ex vivo with A | oxalate (10 mM) or B | oxalate (10 mM) and 3,4,5-tri-O-galloyl quinic acid methyl ester (TGAME) (100 μM) for 1 h. The arrows indicate CaOx crystals within the lumen of the MT. C | CaOx crystal number, D | total crystal area, and E | average area/crystal per 600 μm of tubule were determined using ImageJ. TGAME significantly decreased crystal number, total crystal area and average area/crystal. Values are means ± SE (n = 12 for both oxalate control group and compound 6-treated group). *p < 0.05 vs. control.